Electric Transformer
A transformer is an electrical device designed to change the voltage level of alternating current (AC) in a circuit. It operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, using two coils—primary and secondary—wrapped around a core. When an AC voltage is applied to the primary coil, it creates a magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary coil, effectively transforming the voltage level. Depending on the turns ratio of the coils, a transformer can either step up (increase) or step down (decrease) the voltage. Transformers are crucial for efficient electricity transmission and distribution, enabling high-voltage transmission over long distances and reducing it to safer, usable levels for homes and businesses. Transformers are widely used in power grids, industrial equipment, and various electronic devices. Their efficiency and ability to operate over long distances make them indispensable in electrical systems. Transformers come in various types based on their design and application, such as oil-cooled transformers, air-cooled transformers, and dry-type transformers. They can be categorized into single-phase and three-phase types, each suitable for different power requirements. The ability to regulate voltage without affecting the frequency makes transformers fundamental in providing stable power for a wide range of applications.